George Washington’s Longrifle
Built by John Philip Beck 1791
An extraordinary piece of American history resides on the second floor of the Frazier Museum in Louisville, Kentucky—a Pennsylvania Long Rifle presented to President George Washington at Mount Vernon in 1791.
This magnificent flintlock rifle, spanning 5 feet in length and chambered for .44 caliber, showcases the pinnacle of 18th-century American gunsmithing. Crafted from handpicked curly maple, the stock features intricate rococo carvings that exemplify the artistic heights of early American craftsmanship. The barrel bears the maker's signature in flowing script: "J* P * Beck." The butt plate carries the historic inscription: "To President George Washington. Mount Vernon, Virginia. A.D 1791."
The craftsman, John Philip Beck of Lebanon County, Pennsylvania, was more than just a master gunsmith. After taking his oath of allegiance to Pennsylvania in 1778, he served in the Revolutionary War with the 6th Class, 2nd Battalion, Lancaster County Militia under David Crouse. His dedication to the American cause extended beyond military service—from 1778 to 1781, Beck served on the Committee of Safety, producing long rifles for Colonial Militia forces in Lancaster County. His selection to create Washington's rifle was likely a recognition of these patriotic contributions and his exceptional skill as one of the region's most influential gun builders.
This historic firearm remained hidden from public view until its rediscovery in the 1920s. From 1924 to 1974, it held a place of honor in Philadelphia's Independence Hall. In 2003, Louisville businessman Owsley Brown Frazier secured this precious artifact for over a million dollars, ensuring its continued public display.
Below, you can view a meticulous recreation of this historic arm, built to exact specifications by descendant John D. Beck. This contemporary masterpiece mirrors the original in every detail save one—the maker's mark reads 'J.D. Beck,' honoring both the original craftsman and the continuing legacy of Beck gunsmithing.